The Struggle For Indigenous Rights In Latin America Research Paper

The Struggle For Indigenous Rights In Latin America - Research Paper Example Racial separation and ethnicity have upset securing of well-paying occupations for the indigenous Latin Americans. In such manner, some indigenous inhabitants have moved to urban zones in the journey for better expectations for everyday comforts (Kay 450). Lamentably, the individuals who move to urban regions secure inadequately paying employments that can't support the fundamental family needs. Evidently, absence of employments and poor installment has brought about poor day to day environments for the indigenous individuals in Latin America. Most indigenous Latin Americans have no entrance to quality training. Also, the current training framework doesn't mirror the social needs of the indigenous populace. The social structure and convictions face the threat of termination. Truth be told, the group of people yet to come probably won't have the benefit to appreciate the rich indigenous culture and strict practices. Access to wellbeing offices and administrations is an extraordinary test confronting the indigenous individuals in Latin American (Gracey and King 67). The high neediness levels, obliviousness, and segregation have made access to great social insurance a test to the indigenous individuals. Numerous indigenous individuals bite the dust, and others neglect to perform day by day errands because of diseases since they can't get to drug. Regardless of the difficulties of training and openings for work, the current state of indigenous individuals Latin Americans are better than in the former times. Banners and Leon 209, relocation to the urban regions by some indigenous individuals can be extolled for opening new settlements in towns and edifying the neighborhood individuals on monetary issues. Also, a few people have had the option to gain quality training and have made sure about proper business. The expectations for everyday comforts of the indigenous Latin Americans have changed bit by bit throughout the years.

5 Habits for Improving (and Maintaining) Reading and Writing Skills

Read Before Bed The first few months after my college graduation, I began my 9-5 job and was disappointed by how much less time I had to read. After majoring in English and becoming accustomed to finishing multiple novels a week during the semester, I wished that I could dedicate more time to that hobby. Furthermore, after a few months of working 40-hour weeks, I fell out of my writing groove, and it became difficult to draft anything more creative than a work email with the same alacrity I once possessed. Noticing that my reading and writing skills had begun to rust, I attempted to find ways to reclaim my affinity for language. Below are five recommendations for doing so; whether you are in high school, college, graduate school, or the working world, hopefully, these tips will help hone and maintain your verbal skills. Read Before Bed Set aside a half-hour before bed each night for a book. Instead of scrolling aimlessly through your Instagram newsfeed or re-watching hilarious JLaw clips (as great as she is), assemble a reading list and slowly work your way through it. You will find yourself more fulfilled, intellectually stimulated, and able to fall asleep more readily Diversify your Reading List While I gravitate more towards fiction than other genres, I have tried to vary my list. Choose a month for poetry, then another for a historical text, and a third for a fantasy novel. Different types of writing are often accompanied by different vocabulary and styles, so it is worth your while to broaden your horizons to learn not only new information, but also new ways of presenting said information. Listen to Audiobooks Podcasts If you have a long commute to work, or even if you are walking to class, listen to an Audiobook or a podcast segment (NPR has awesome ones). I began listening to The Golden Compass, by Phillip Pullman, and I was amazed by how wonderfully different an experience it was to listen to his language instead of read it. It saves time, but also will provide you with new insight into the cadences of people’s writing. Build in Time for Vocabulary Review Learn one word a day! Apps for your phone like Dictionary.com, Vocabulary Builder, and Vocab Genius have Words of the Day and games that allow you to build your knowledge base. Make Creative Writing a Daily Habit Creative writing is arguably the hardest to sustain when other responsibilities take hold. It is difficult to fit it into a working schedule, and often, attempting to write after a day of working, when your body and brain are exhausted, is unproductive. Choose a set amount of time a week (2 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours) and set aside that time for your writing. Even if it is just a brainstorming/outlining session, try to stick to your weekly goals. If you slowly get into the groove, it will not only acquaint you with your own writing style, but also hold you accountable and keep you focused. Are you interested in learning more about our expository writing tutorsand English tutors? ; There's so much more to read! Be sure to check out these additional blogs on conditioning those reading and writing skills here: The Writing Tutor: How to Love a Poem The Writing Tutor: The Vital Importance of Writing Badly Study Skills: Reading Like a Pro

Oedipus Rex Sight Not Needed For Knowledge Essay - 741 Words

When we consider a blind person and a person with eyes, we usually deem the latter to be more knowledgeable. This is because they have the gift of sight and can therefore perceive the world around them and have more knowledge. This assumption is proven wrong in the play Oedipus Rex by the Greek writer Sophocles. The plot is about a baby who is born to the king and queen of Thebes with a terrible prophecy hanging above his head. The oracle of Apollo had predicted that the boy would grow up to kill his father and marry his mother. Afraid of the prophecy, the parents decided to kill the boy. But, he survives and lives to fulfill the prophecy. The main part of the play is his quest for his identity and what he does when he learns the truth†¦show more content†¦At first, he does not want to disclose his knowledge, but after pressure from Oedipus, he begins to reveal it. He says, â€Å"†¦I gave him the boy† (1096). Therefore, we know that he was the man who was trusted by the king and queen to kill the baby boy, but instead he pitied the baby and gave him to a messenger from Corinth. He also reveals to Oedipus the baby’s father was Laius and not another royal family member when he says, â€Å"The said it was Laius’ child†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (1106). When he finally puts together the pieces of the puzzle and realizes who Oedipus really is, then he says, â€Å"For if you are what this man says you are, no man living is more wretched than Oedipus† (1116). Therefore, the shepherd is a perfect example of the thesis since he has limited knowledge despite his sight. The third and best character that can be used to prove the thesis is Oedipus. During the majority of his life he has sight, but it grants him very little insight into the consequences of his actions. But later on in his life when he loses his sight, he then has complete knowledge of his actions. As Teiresias, when accused of blindness as a root of ignorance, said, â€Å"But I say that you, with both your eyes are blind†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (399). The accusation is valid because at that point in time, even though Oedipus had eyes and was able to see what he was doing, he was still not able to see the extent of hisShow MoreRelatedHuman Will and the Power of the Gods: Oedipus Rex by Sophocles1363 Words   |  6 Pagesaccomplished only by some. Sophocles’ Oedipus Rex is considered today as one of the greatest tragedies produced by an author during this time. Carefully crafted motifs, character-developing monologues, and poignant irony all combine to create a tragedy that leaves readers stunned and grieving for poor Oedipus. Throughout Oedipus Rex, the motif of blindness and sight emphasizes the struggle between the power of free will and the power of the gods made evident in Oedipus’ interactions with Tiresias, Jokasta’sRead More Oedipus the King - The Character Transformations of Oedipus Essay1250 Words   |  5 PagesOedipus the King - Th e Character Transformations of Oedipus Through the character of Oedipus, Sophocles shows the consequences of defying the divine order. Oedipus served Thebes as a great ruler, loved by his subjects; but, like most in the human race, he slipped through the cracks of perfection. Oedipus had many faults, but it was primarily the tragic flaw of hubris, arrogance from excessive pride, which doomed his existence, regardless of the character attributes that made him suchRead More Mythology in Oedipus Rex Essays3980 Words   |  16 PagesMythology in Oedipus Rex  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   E. T. Owen in â€Å"Drama in Sophocles’ Oedipus Tyrannus† comments on the mythological beginnings of Oedipus Rex:    Professor Goodell says: â€Å"Given an old myth to be dramatized, Sophocles’ primary question was, ‘Just what sort of people were they, must they have been, who naturally did and suffered what the tales say they did and suffered?† That was his method of analysis (38).    The Greek Sophoclean tragedy Oedipus Rex is based on a myth fromRead More Mythology in Oedipus Rex Essay examples4094 Words   |  17 PagesMythology in Oedipus Rex  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   In â€Å"The Oedipus Legend† Bernard M. W. Knox talks of the advantages accruing to Sophocles as a user of myths in his dramas:    The myths he used gave to his plays, without any effort on his part, some of those larger dimensions of authority which the modern dramatist must create out of nothing if his play is to be more than a passing entertainment. The myths had the authority of history, for myth is in one of its aspects the only history of anRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesin eyeglasses, or included in wristwatches. Predictions of the changes that will occur in the future are often notoriously wrong, of course, as illustrated by Thomas Watson’s (founder of IBM) prediction that only a few dozen computers would ever be needed in the entire world, Thomas Edison’s prediction that the lightbulb would never catch on, or Irving Fisher’s (preeminent Yale economist) prediction in 1929 (a month before the crash) that the stock market had reached â€Å"a permanently high plateau.† When

Morality and Dehumanization in One Day in the Life of...

The novel, One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, presents moral issues, and daily dehumanization of men living in a camp in Russia in 1951. Ivan Denisovich, the protagonist in the novel spoke out against Stalin, and was then put in a prison camp because of it. The novel presents a terrible situation in which Ivan must overcome daily circumstances, which only a person living in a prison camp would know how to survive. The tone and mood of the novel are able to work together to show the theme of the novel, that human self-respect is achieved as long as one is still holding onto it. The extract that was chosen occurs on the last page of the novel. Shukhov has just returned from being counted, and helping out another Zek, Tsezar, whose†¦show more content†¦An example of this is on lines one through five. â€Å"Now they released you faster, for they were counting one by one.† The word you in the above quotation, shows how either Shukhov or the narrator may have been spea king in the quotation; showing the free indirect discourse. The free indirect discourse helps show the bleak tone of the novel. The bleak tone of the novel communicates the theme; human self-respect is achieved as long as one is still holding onto it. Because the tone is bleak, the theme is more emphasized through Shukhovs actions of holding his self respect. Whether it may be by holding onto items of sentimental purpose, or hoping for a letter from his family. The mood of the novel also fits in with the bleak tone. The dreary mood is seen through the tone, but goes deeper and describes the emotions portrayed throughout the novel. The last paragraphs of the novel, lines 40-45, show the dreary mood of the novel. â€Å"A day without a dark cloud. Almost a happy day. There were three thousand six hundred and fifty-three days like that in his stretch.† The quotation continues on, but from this quotation one is able to notice the irony in it. That it may have been a happy day, but there are still so many days to come that it is impossible to tell what those days will bring. The dreary mood is thus demonstrated from the quotation. TheShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Alexsandr Solzhenitsyn, A Russian Author With Personal Experience Of Labor Camp Conditions1478 Words   |  6 Pagesconditions, relates the experiences of his fellow prisoners by showing the world that humanity can be maintained in the most degrading of places. Such a theme can be observed closely in his novel One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, first published in 1962. As the title suggests, the novel is about a day in the Gulag (prison) from dawn to dusk from Ivan’s perspective. The Gulag is designed to strip the Zeks of their individual identities and dignity. The zek’s names are taken from them and replacedRead MoreThe Horrible Experiences of the Jewish People during The Holocaust1670 Words   |  7 Pagescircumstances this is â€Å"appropriate† or justifiable. I argue th at the ruthless manifestation of evil validates the loss of self and therefore the loss of morality. For those that have survived the Holocaust, there are implications of the loss of humanity and face the test of readopting their humanity in order to assimilate into society once again. Morality is defined as the â€Å"beliefs about what is right behavior and what is wrong behavior.† It is a â€Å"code[s] of conduct put forward by a society.† Members

The Unredeemed Captive Essay Example For Students

The Unredeemed Captive Essay Some are born literary mastermind. some achieve literary mastermind. and some have literary success push upon them. As for John Demos in his book. ‘The Unredeemed Captive’ seems to be the blend of the last two classs. Through this book. Demos takes you to the 18ThursdayCentury. to explicate the tension-ridden and violence-prone confrontation between three communities ( sections of a society ) . They are the puritan colonists of New England. the Roman-Catholic French of New France ( presently parts of Canada ) and the Native Americans. It was a curious type of confrontation fought for several types’ opportunisms. The struggles. where faith. civilization. race and territorial involvements are involved. The narrative takes barbarian bends and the reading earnestly affects the emotions of the readers! The contents of composing are a mixture of fact and fiction. The book has great historical significance. The mentioned communities so did non believe in peaceable dialogues to settle the ‘border differences. ’ They fought for territorial additions and the boundary lines continued to switch and relocate. The mini-Hitlers were out to set up their moral and racial high quality. The carnal inclinations in them surfaced Forth and they did non waver to capture ( kidnap ) immature misss belonging to the enemy cantonment. as war trophies. finally for their sexual satisfaction. John Demos is a Yale History Professor. His primary purposes and attempts in this book are to supply an nonsubjective analysis of the brushs between the mentioned ‘groups’ . He has drawn upon the experiences of one household to accomplish the aim in position. It is the John Williams household. Williams is a puritan curate. The household was captured in 1704 in their Massachusetts place by a group of Frenchmen and Native Americans. They were marched away to Canada. Of the seven members of the household his married woman died en-route. Williams and four kids were released subsequently. his girl Eunice became a convert ( forced transition? ) to Catholicism to get married a Native American. Desperate efforts were made by the household for the return of Eunice to Massachusetts. but she came for short visits merely to return back. till her decease at the age of 95. The arresting and heart-rending portion of the narrative is that of Eunice. Remember. she was merely 7 when she was captured—what values did her capturers defend by tormenting the head of an guiltless miss kid? Religious rules? Cultural traditions? Racial high quality? Human values? Such individuals deserve to be the progeny of the Satan. She was converted to Catholicism and married off at the age of 16. for which the culprits of such a offense can confront terrible penalty in the present times. Probably that was the age when male/female married as per the societal imposts predominating so. Well. she spent the remainder of her life. but what might be the thought-currents circling and tormenting her head within? Her 88 old ages of soundless agony is hard for the printed pages to capture. the most sensitive and inventive author will non be able to examine the interior beds of her head. If person is able to make proper research on this head. it can every bit good uncover the history of the century to which she belonged in the right position. Her life is a great illustration of the acrimonious fruits of cross-cultural bloody brushs. It is the saga of the culprits of the anguish and those who were tortured. That God and fates were frequently quoted to warrant the cruel occurrence shows the macabre and sadistic mentality of the groups involved in those struggles. It was an unfastened exhibition of carnal inclinations. by the two-legged Satans .uea8e5b08d4589728493f6995442a9d82 , .uea8e5b08d4589728493f6995442a9d82 .postImageUrl , .uea8e5b08d4589728493f6995442a9d82 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uea8e5b08d4589728493f6995442a9d82 , .uea8e5b08d4589728493f6995442a9d82:hover , .uea8e5b08d4589728493f6995442a9d82:visited , .uea8e5b08d4589728493f6995442a9d82:active { border:0!important; } .uea8e5b08d4589728493f6995442a9d82 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uea8e5b08d4589728493f6995442a9d82 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uea8e5b08d4589728493f6995442a9d82:active , .uea8e5b08d4589728493f6995442a9d82:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uea8e5b08d4589728493f6995442a9d82 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uea8e5b08d4589728493f6995442a9d82 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uea8e5b08d4589728493f6995442a9d82 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uea8e5b08d4589728493f6995442a9d82 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uea8e5b08d4589728493f6995442a9d82:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uea8e5b08d4589728493f6995442a9d82 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uea8e5b08d4589728493f6995442a9d82 .uea8e5b08d4589728493f6995442a9d82-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uea8e5b08d4589728493f6995442a9d82:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: According to Geldard EssayThe Unredeemed Captive is a consistently researched history by John Demos. To screen through the 300 twelvemonth old information ( the subsequently 1600s ) and do out a factual. historically relevant narrative is a skilled occupation. Demos has done justness to his occupation as the Professor of History. He knows the necessities of the history. the demands of a research pupil of history. The research pages do do a slow reading. and that is no mistake of the writer. The narrations subdivisions are rather absorbing. Basically. this book is written by a history adult male for the history people In the present times besides. people live perilously in the boundary line countries of a state. particularly when the neighbours are unfriendly. This is the state of affairs when civilisation has made promotion and there are international Torahs for protection. Guess. what would hold been the conditions 300 old ages ago. when might was right and jungle Torahs prevailed? John Demos describes good. with authorization and cogent evidence. the dangers of life on the American frontiers in the early yearss of settling America. when the boundary lines shifted invariably. A tough topic has been chosen for the book and the country covered is huge. One can non anticipate the book to do a good reading from page 1 to page 336. The first five chapters are really exciting ; the winging start is the high spot of the book. The narrative and the incidents related to the household of John Williams are interesting and touching. The remainder of the book is about facts. imposts and traditions. One needs to do attempts to prolong the involvement as for this part of the book. But overall. the book is no retarding force. Finally. the of import points of the book: The clang of civilizations of the diverse communities is good depicted. Through the personal calamity of a household. the political narrative of an epoch has been told. The doomed function of the faith is described good. Eunice’s rejection of her ain household is a cryptic psychological play. But Demos shows the balanced attack in composing this portion of the narrative. and does non fault entirely any party involved in the struggles. Mentions Cited: Demos. John. Book: The Unredeemed Captive. Publisher: Vintage ; Reprint edition ( March 28. 1995 ) ISBN-10: 0679759611 ISBN-13: 978-0679759614

Starbucks Supply Chain System

Company background Starbucks is world’s number one coffee and coffeehouse company; Jerry Baldwin, Zev Siegl, and Gordon Bowker founded it on March 30, 1971. The company’s first branch was at Seattle, Washington; currently it has outlets in more than 55 countries (Starbucks Corporate website). The company has one of the most respected and effective supply chain-management systems. This paper discusses the supply chain network adopted by Starbucks.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Starbucks Supply Chain System specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More What methods do they use? The company has an internal robust supply and logistic department that has the role of pioneering all supply demands in the company. In other countries, where it gets it coffee, the company has collection points that it can get coffee beans in raw and roasted form. The system aims at ensuring the company gets adequate supply of coffee and other material used in production at the right time, at an appropriate cost and quality. The company buys raw materials from the United States where it has its head quarters, but it has diversified its team to coffee producing countries like in the East African countries where quality coffee is grown. To maintain good relations with suppliers, the company has a favorable buying price and bases the buying on the quality and the production method as adopted by the farmer. In countries like Ethiopia and Kenya, the company has implemented farmer’s education programs with the aim of facilitation the production of environmentally friendly coffees. Quality and efficiency in delivery of coffee beans and other material in the company has the main concern in the system. The company supply chain has the following goals: Quantity goals: Adequate supply of materials in a company when they are needed Supply of quality materials for various purposes in a business at all times (quality obj ective) Supply of materials at a competitive price (price objective) (Simchi-Levi, Kaminsky and Simchi-levi 12-23) What is their system for evaluating the program in terms of quality, social responsibility, and success factors? The initial approach that the company has to ensure it gets quality is to procure for the commodity from those countries that are known for their quality coffee, they include countries like Kenya, United States, Brazil and Ethiopia. After having the appropriate channels to get the commodity, they then have to vet for its quality.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More When supplies are made, they have to be graded as a measure of determining the quality they have. The higher the grade the higher the cost of the commodity, in large consignments, after every fifty bags, the one must be opened and contents verified. As a matter of social corporate responsibili ty, Starbucks operates a fair trade policy in areas that it collects coffee; it is involved in projects like road maintenance and education systems. In the hunger of protecting the environment, the company has started training centers for farmers on how they should farm without polluting the environment, to support environmental conservation further, the company pays a higher premium for coffee produced with minimal use of chemicals. The following are the critical success factor of the company: Offer quality services and products Increase the welfare of stakeholders (stakeholders include suppliers) Conserve the environment Attain and maintain customer loyalty Respect for the people and teamwork (Starbucks Corporate website). Works Cited Simchi-Levi, David., Kaminsky Phillips, and Simchi-levi, Edith. Designing and Managing the Supply Chain. New York: Mcgraw Hill, 2003. Print Starbucks Corporate Website. Starbucks, 2011. Web. This essay on Starbucks Supply Chain System was written and submitted by user Jackson Bates to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Tagore and Hopkins Essays

Tagore and Hopkins Essays Tagore and Hopkins Essay Tagore and Hopkins Essay Essay Topic: Keats Poems and Letters Both the poets appreciated with a sense of wonder every object of nature in minute detail and at the name time saw in them a universal significance. Hopkins was a religious poet and Etageres appreciation, particularly in the west, was as a mystic poet. Both Étagà ¨re and Hopkins practiced a theocratic aestheticism. They felt that God is not merely the creator; he Is also the force behind each and every object of nature. Although there Is no concrete evidence that Étagà ¨re was acquainted with the poems of Hopkins, It may be deduced on the basis of some literary facts that such a possibility is not altogether a remote one. Key words: Victorian, sensuousness, painting, religion, prosody, sprung rhythm. A study In poetic affinities between Arbitrating Étagà ¨re and Gerard Manley Hopkins may perhaps seem a bit strange to the readers. Apparently there Is no connection between the two great poets?one belonging to Victorian England and the others poetic career spanning from t he last two decades of 1 9th century to the modern period in the 20th century. Survey of Étagà ¨re criticism also does not corroborate any resemblance between the two poets. Edward Thompson in his book Arbitrating Étagà ¨re: Poet and Dramatist points in one place to a possible resemblance between Etageres poem Sea Waves and Hopkins The Wreck of the Deutsche (71). In fact comparative study between two or more poets of different runes and belonging to different nations can be taken up by any scholar. But why do I choose Hopkins and no other poet to compare with Étagà ¨re probably requires an explanation. And here is my apology before I go into the details of my study. When I read the poetry of these two poets the affinities between them strike me as not something accidental, rather both of them appear to me as belonging to the same poetic tradition. In respect of their poetic vision, their technique, their attitude o nature and the mundane world there is a remarkable similarity between the two minds. Besides, temperamentally also the two poets share a close relationship. Apart from being a poet Hopkins was also a painter Repeat Journal on Interdisciplinary studies Humanities (SINS 0975-2935), Volvo 2, NO 4, 2010 special Issue on Arbitrating Étagà ¨re, edited by Miriam Seen URL of the article: http://repeat. Common/no/disproportionate. PDF O www. repeat. Mom Repeat Journal Volvo 2 No 4 and showed a keen interest in music. The multitude of his drawings reveals his preoccupation with the beauty of nature. His numerous pencil sketches evince a clear influence of Russians The Elements of Drawing. Etageres genius was a versatile one?he was a poet, novelist, and dramatist all combined into one. Side by side he was also a painter of eminence and musician. Etageres drawings sometimes resemble Victorian illustrations (Negro 199) and like those of Hopkins his paintings also reveal an intensity of visualization (Negro 200). Both Hopkins and Étagà ¨re wanted, at one point of time, to opt for the career of a painter, and in both of their cases, the art of painting exerted considerable influence on their literary career. Hopkins made a number of pencil sketches and Étagà ¨re, on the other hand, made his early monochromes in pen. Both of them returned to painting at the later stage of their lives although in case of Hopkins the return, unlike Étagà ¨re, was rather desultory. The emphasis on the particular was a feature of both. Their drawings reveal their ability to observe critically and carefully and both of them could divine the Infinite in the finite. In a letter dated 28th November, 1928 Étagà ¨re wrote: The Joy that pictures bring is the Joy of definiteness; within the restraint of lines we see the particular with distinctness. Whatever the object I perceive whether it is a piece of stone, a donkey, a prickly shrub, or an old woman?I tell myself that I see it exactly as it is. Whenever I see a thing with exactness I touch the Infinite and feel delighted. (CTD. N Maitre 169) The ability to fuse the response to the beauties of external nature with a profoundly inward religious quest can also be seen in Hopkins. For example, on May, 1870 Hopkins recorded in his Journal: Oneida when the bluebells were in bloom I wrote the following. I do not think I Have ever seen anything more beautiful than the bluebell I have been looking at I know the tatty of our Lord by it. (199) Both the poets appreciated with a sense of wonder every object of nature in minute detail and at the same time saw in them a universal significance. In respect of poetic technique Étagà ¨re is acknowledged as an innovator in prosodic measures. In the Introduction to The Oxford Étagà ¨re Translation of Etageres Selected Poems Shanks Gosh discusses in some detail the poets experiments with traditional prosodic measures. He observes that Arbitrating proceeds from Balk (Flying Geese, 1916) onwards to break free of patterns and conventions and evolve the masturbated or ere-bound verse form. This consists of rhymed lines (usually couplets) of irregular length and varying prosody, often drawing on conversational rhythms. And finally in the interim in Lippie), he sets aside all constraints by using free verse to capture the authentic patterns of contemporary life. (29) Hopkins is regarded as the innovator of a new rhythm?Sprung rhythm. Talking about the use of new rhythm in The Wreck of the Deutsche Hopkins wrote to 541 Arbitrating Étagà ¨re and Gerard Manley Hopkins: A Study in Poetic Affinities Dixon: l had long had haunting my ear the echo of a new rhythm which now I legalized on paper (Correspondence 14). And his rhythm, he himself said, was oratorical and his advice always was to read his poems not with the eyes but with the ears: My verse is less to be read than heard (Letters 46). What Hopkins wanted to point out was that the language of poetry should be energetic, forceful. Hopkins was thinking in a positive way about the shape or structure of the poetic medium and incidentally how it can achieve maximum stress or emphasis. Politically the two minds had something in common as far as their attitude to England as a colonial power was concerned. Both of them regretted and spoke against the unjust domination and oppression practiced by the British over countries like India and Ireland. Hopkins in a letter to Coventry Pattern wrote in 1886: I remark that those Englishmen who wish prosperity to the Empire (which is not all Englishmen or Britons, strange to say) speak of the Empires mission to extend freedom and civilization in India and elsewhere. No freedom you can give us is equal to the freedom of letting us alone: take yourselves out of India, let us first be free of you. Then there is civilization. It should have been Catholic truth. That is the great end of Empires before God, to be Catholic and draw nations into their Catholicism. But our Empire is less and less Christian as it grows. (Hopkins Poems and prose 182-83) Etageres attitude towards the British government was not much different from that of Hopkins. When in 1903 Lord Curran was trying to divide Bengal there was wide spread protest all over Bengal. Étagà ¨re gave voice to the protest of his countrymen. Shanks Gosh observes: There was fierce resistance to the proposal, and Arbitrating became one of the Chief ideologues of that resistance. Through rallies, wrought the rakishness ceremony (tying the brotherly knot) that captured the popular imagination, through song after song, he strove to arouse the patriotism of his countrymen. (Gosh 37) In 1919 after the brutal massacre in Shillelaghs in Punjab Étagà ¨re strongly condemned the incident and considered it a shame to use the Knighthood conferred Viceroy which was published in The Statesman, June 3, 1919, he wanted to be relieved of the honor. Never since Arbitrating used the title. Hopkins was a religious poet and Etageres appreciation, particularly in the west, was as a mystic poet. According to Sunlit Kumar Chatterer Étagà ¨re was a mystic and devotional poet, who takes his place with the greatest seers, sages, and devotees of India and the world (21). Mansard Josh also opines that Étagà ¨re was looked up to as an oriental sage, a seer, a prophet (40). Hopkins was ordained as a Jesuit priest in 1868 and for a time being he felt that he should not write poetry any more because the admiration and praise that he might enjoy 542 as a poet would be detrimental to his spiritual growth. So he decided not to write any more poems and there ensued a self enforced silence for seven years. He did not compose almost anything up to 1875. In a letter to R. W. Dixon Hopkins wrote in 1878: L meant that it [fame] is a great danger in itself, as dangerous as wealth every bit, I should think, and as hard to enter the kingdom of heaven with (Hopkins Poems and Prose 183). And it is almost the same view that Étagà ¨re held as far as the reputation of a poet is concerned. Although he never allowed his poetic career to suffer a break like that of Hopkins we may, at this point, take note of Etageres view on this. In a letter, dated 20th September, 1921, written to E. J. Thompson, who was a professor of English at Banker Wesleyan Mission College, (presently known as Banker Christian College) Étagà ¨re wrote: Reputation is the greatest bondage for an artist. I want to emancipate my mind from its grasp not only for the sake of my art, but for the higher purposes of life, for the dignity of soul. What an immense amount of unreality there is in literary reputation, and I am longing To come out of it as a saying, naked and aloof. (A Difficult Friendship 132-133) In a way Étagà ¨re was a saying and he did achieve a kind of poetic nirvana in his mature life when praise or adverse criticism did not affect him. Ill A close look at a number of Hopkins poems shows that the treatment of nature is reminiscent of the romantic tradition, particularly the Keating tradition. The sensuous appreciation of nature and her objects, the pictorial details, the use of words for their sonorous effects?all these are features of romantic poetry. I would like to quote here the first couple of lines from a poem The Handover, by Hopkins. The poem was composed in 1877, the most prolific year in Hopkins poetic career, and talking about the poem in 1879 in a letter to Robert Bridges, Hopkins himself said that the poem was the best thing I ever wrote (85). The poem begins thus: I caught this morning mornings minion, kingdom of daylights dauphin, dappled- drawn falcon In his riding. The handover, as described by the poet in the above lines, is a feast for the eyes. Is multicultural and the falcon is attracted by the beauty of the morning. The compound dapple-dawn-drawn reminds one of Keats. Wallboard Davies, one of the editors of Hopkins, rightly points out that The bird is attracted by the dawn, certainly; but it is also pictorially drawn, being outlined vividly against the dawn light. And we suddenly realize that it is a poet who was also an artist (Hopkins Major moms 24). Side by side with such sensuous description of nature the reader is struck by the brilliant use of alliteration and consonant chiming in the poem. The repetition of the m and d sound in the first and second lines respectively create a sonorous effect. Side by side in the first line the inning endings create an effect of consonant chiming. In fact the word kingdom has been deliberately broken in the middle by the poet keeping king in the first line and taking doom to the second for creating a sonorous effect. Hopkins always wanted his poems to be read aloud.